Granada inokwezva kubva parwendo rwekutanga chaipo.Chimiro cheAlhambra chinotarisana nemakomo eSierra Nevada, materu eAlbaicÃn, mapako eSacromonte… Asi kana wangoongorora zviyeuchidzo zvinofanirwa kuonekwa, guta rinotanga kukuratidza rumwe rutivi rwakavanzika, sekunge riri kukukoka kuti uve chikamu chezvakavanzika zvaro zvakachengetedzwa zvakanyanya.
Kure nenzira dzekushanya kwevanhu vakawanda uye nzvimbo dzekuona dzakazara vanhu, Kune Granada yakafanana yakagadzirwa nemakona akavanzikaDzimba dzekare dzekugezera kwaiitirwa misangano, nzvimbo dzakanyarara, dzimba dzechinyakare dzine minda yengano, nzvimbo dzekuona dzisina vanhu, uye matsime akazara nenhoroondo. Kana uchida kuona nzvimbo nhatu dzakavanzika yeGranada uye, sebhonasi, mamwe makona mazhinji asinganyanyo zivikanwa, ramba uchiverenga wakadzikama: pano uchawana zvinhu zvakawanda zvekuda guta pane imwe nhanho.
Alcázar Genil uye nhoroondo hermitage yeSan Sebastián
Pamhenderekedzo yeRwizi rwaGenil pane imwe yedzimba dzeumambo dzisinganyanyi kushanyirwa muGranada.Alcázar Genil, inonziwo Imba yaAbu Said kana kuti Bindu raMambokadzi. Yakabva kuMuslim, yaimbova imba yekunakidzwa yeNasrid yakakomberedzwa nemiti yemichero nemvura, uye nanhasi ichiripo senzvimbo yekupotera iri yoga, kunyangwe iri pedyo nepadanho remazuva ano.
Munzvimbo iyi, Maonero eguta nebani reGranada anoshamisa. uko munhu anosvika asingazive kuti otarisira chii. Mavakirwo ayo anoyeuchidza runako rweAl-Andalus, pamwe nezvisaririra zvinotaura nezvenguva yakapfuura umo kuzorora nekufungisisa zvaikosha sekudzivirira nzvimbo yacho.
Padhuze chaipo pane Hermitage yeSan Sebastián, nzvimbo inokosha munhoroondo yeSpain izvo, zvinoshamisa, zvinenge zvisingaonekwe. Tembere diki iyi yakatanga muzana remakore rechi13 uye munguva dzaNasrid yaive hurukuro yakabatana neAlcázar Genil pachayo, uko marabouts aitsvaga kuva ega nekunyarara kuti vanamate.
Musi waNdira 2, 1492, Apa ndipo pakaitwa musangano pakati pemadzimambo echiCatholic naBoabdil.Mambo wekupedzisira weNasrid, Boabdil, akapa makiyi kuGranada, zvichiratidza kuguma kweReconquista zviri pamutemo. Pane imwe yemakona ayo, munhu achiri kukwanisa kuverenga zvakanyorwa zvichiratidza nguva iyoyo, mushure maizvozvo Boabdil akaenda kumahombekombe, achimira pagomo reMoor's Sigh, kwaakatarisa kekupedzisira guta raakanga arasikirwa naro.
Kwemazana emakore, Nzvimbo iyi yakambosiyiwa, yagadziriswa, uye yatoshandiswa zvinoshamisa. senzvimbo yekudyira. Pasinei nekukosha kwayo, haiwanzo pinda munzvimbo dzevashanyi uye inongovhurwa kashoma, kusanganisira misa yemangwanani eSvondo. Nekuda kwechikonzero ichi, inochengetedza mamiriro echokwadi uye ane kusuruvara zvishoma zvinoita kuti ive nzvimbo yakakosha kune avo vanotsvaga makona ane mweya.
Pfuma yaNasrid yakavanzwa: dzimba dzekugezera, dzimba nemasuo zvakakanganikwa
Kunze kweAlhambra inozivikanwa pasi rose, Granada inochengetedza pfuma diki yeNasrid Nzvimbo idzi dzinenge dzakavanda pakati pedzimba, nzira dzemumigwagwa, kana masango, dzinopa mukana wekuona hupenyu hwezuva nezuva hweAl-Andalus pasina vanhu vakawanda kana mitsetse. Nzvimbo dzepedyo, dzakawanda dzakagadziridzwa nerudo, dzinodzokera muguta iri chikamu chenhoroondo yaro yemuno.
Imwe yacho ndeiyi Mabhati ekugezera echiArabhu eEl BañueloHammam inotangira muzana remakore rechi11, iri pakati pedunhu reAlbaicÃn, inonzi inzvimbo yetsika uye ndeimwe yemienzaniso yekare yezvivakwa zvechiIslam paIberian Peninsula. Kupinda mumakamuri ayo ane denga, ane denga rakaita senyeredzi rinosefa chiedza, kwakafanana nekudzokera shure munguva yeMuslim Granada, apo imba yekugezera yaivewo nzvimbo yekushamwaridzana nenzvimbo yekusangana.
Pakati peAlbaicÃn, pedyo zvikuru, pane Zafra House, dombo guru reNasrid rekuvaka dzimba Kubva muzana remakore rechi14. Yaiva yemhuri ine simba muumambo hweGranada uye ichiri kuchengetedza chivanze chakabatana, kushongedzwa kwepurastera uye zvasara zvemifananidzo, zvese zvakabatanidzwa nhasi munzvimbo yetsika inobatsira kunzwisisa kuti hupenyu hwaive hwakaita sei muimba yepamusoro yenguva iyoyo.
Kwete kure, mukati menzvimbo yenhoroondo, panoonekwa Gedhi reBibarrambla, suo rekare rekupinda muguta reNasrid Yave nenhoroondo yakazara nezviitiko zvakawanda. Yakavakwa muzana remakore rechi14, yakaparadzwa muzana remakore rechi19 uye yakazovakwazve muna 1935 munzvimbo ine masango akakomberedza Alhambra, uko nhasi isingaonekwi nevashanyi vakawanda. Maberere ayo nekushongedza kwayo chiyeuchidzo chinyararire chemadziro ekare aidzivirira medina.
Imwe pfungwa inonakidza, kunyange zvazvo iri yehunyanzvi, ndeyekuti Chitubu chemvura muMafuro eGeneralifeDziva iri, iro riri chikamu chikuru chehurongwa hwemvura hunopa mvura kuAlhambra neGeneralife, rakabva kuIslam. Rinoratidza kuti hunyanzvi hwemvura hwaikosha sei pakubwinya kwedzimba dzeumambo nebindu reGranada. Kunzwisisa basa raro kunotibatsira kunzwisisa hunhu hweNasrid mukutarisira mvura.
Kupedzisa izvi zvisaririra, mugero weSuo reKururamisiraYakavanzika pasi peimwe yenzira dzinozivikanwa zvikuru dzekupinda muAlhambra, nzira iyi, ine urefu hwemamita anopfuura makumi matatu, yaimbobatanidza dziviriro yerusvingo nezvivakwa zvekunze. Kazhinji haibatanidzwi murwendo rwemazuva ose, asi inosanganisira, semamwe mashoma, zvinhu zvehondo uye zvehunyanzvi zvenhare tsvuku.
Minda inoyevedza, mapatio nematsime
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinoshamisa zvikuru kune avo vanosarudza kusiya nzira yakajairika ndechekuona kuti Granada yakazara ne cármenes, minda uye matsime akavanzwaMazhinji acho haabhadharwi uye ane maonero akanaka. Inzvimbo dzakanaka dzekugara kwechinguva, kuverenga, kufunga, kana kungorega nguva ichipfuura neguta riri pedyo newe.
El Carmen weVatendi Pamwe ndiyo muenzaniso unoshamisa zvikuru. Iri pachikomo chinokwira kuAlhambra, inosanganisa imba yeumambo yemuzana remakore rechi19 ine minda yakakura yakasiyana-siyana: chiFrench, chiChirungu, nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana… Madziva ayo ane madhadha, mapikoko anofamba-famba zvakasununguka, uye nzira dzinomonereka nepakati pemiti zvinoita kuti nzvimbo iyi ive nzvimbo chaiyo yekuzororera. Pasinei nekuti iri pedyo nechimwe chezviyeuchidzo zvinonyanya kushanyirwa pasi rose, vashanyi vazhinji vanoifuratira, zvichida nekuda kwekushaya nguva kana ruzivo.
Nzvimbo iyi inodhonzawo ngano yakabatana nevaKristu vekutanga vakafira kutenda vakavigwa ipapo, uye zvakatozosvika muzana remakore rechi19 ndipo payakachinjwa kuita nzvimbo yekumaruwa, ine minda yakagadzirirwa kufamba-famba nekufungisisa. Nhasi, pasi pehutungamiriri hweguta, inoita zviitiko zvetsika, mhemberero, nemichato, asi pamusoro pezvose inoramba iri nzvimbo yerunyararo uko ruzha rwemotokari dzemuguta runogona kunzwikwa kumashure.
Imwe nzvimbo yakakosha yegirini ndiyo Bindu reCarmen de la VictoriaBindu iri riri paYunivhesiti yeGranada, riri pagomo reAlbaicÃn uye rine maonero akanaka uye akadzikama eAlhambra. Mabhenji aro ane mumvuri, zvinomera zvakasvibira, uye mhepo yakanyarara zvinoita kuti ive nzvimbo yakanaka yekudzidza, kuverenga, kana kungozorora. Kunyange zvazvo iri imba yeyunivhesiti, minda iyi yakavhurika kune veruzhinji uye inogamuchira vashanyi vashoma kupfuura zvavanofanirwa kuwana.
Tichitevera nzira yeDarro tichienda kuSacromonte, kufamba kunotiendesa ku Fuente del Avelano, kona yepanyama izere nechiratidzoYakavakwa muzana remakore rechi19, iri pakati peGeneralife nerwizi, munzvimbo yaimbova nzvimbo yekusangana kwevadetembi nevaBohemian vekuGranada. Tsika dzinoti mvura dzayo dzinokurudzira kurudziro, uye mamiriro enzvimbo iyi, nemaonero eSacromonte nemiti yakasvibira yakakomberedza nzira, zvinoita kuti vanhu vatende.
Nzvimbo iyi yakakwana pakuronga pikiniki diki kana kufamba-famba kwemanheru, Kure neruzha asi chinhambwe chidiki kubva pakati penhoroondoAvo vanoenda kuno vanowana Granada yekumaruwa, uko ruzha rwemvura nekuimba kweshiri zvinotsiva kwenguva yakati magitare nemheremhere yematerasi.
Maonero akavanzika muGranada: zvinopfuura San Nicolás
Maonero eSan Nicolás ave akakurumbira pasi rose, nekuda kwezvakataurwa naBill Clinton nezvekunyura kwezuva kwakanakisisa muhupenyu hwake. Zvisinei, Granada izere nemaonero akasiyana kwaunogona kunakidzwa nemaonero anoshamisa pasina vanhu vakawandaMazhinji acho ari maminetsi mashoma netsoka kubva pakati.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha ndeche maonero e churraMunzvimbo yakanyarara, nzvimbo iyi inopa maonero akasiyana eAlhambra. Kubva pano, unogona kuona zvakajeka madziro neshongwe zvakakomberedzwa neruvara rwesango—kona isingawanzoonekwi pamaposcard. Yakanakira vanofarira kutora mifananidzo vari kutsvaga maonero akasiyana.
El Chiono cheSun WashhouseIri mudunhu reRealejo, nzvimbo iyi inosanganisa nhoroondo nenzvimbo dzakanaka. Iri padyo neimba yekugezera yekare, inopa maonero akafara eguta uye, pamazuva akajeka, emakomo eSierra Nevada. Yakanakira mangwanani echando nemhepo inotonhorera uye makomo akafukidzwa nesinou, apo chiedza chakajeka chinoita kuti zvese zviite sezviri pedyo.
Muchikamu chepamusoro cheAlbaicÃn, Maonero Eziso reGranada Inowana zita rayo kubva pakuona guta zvakanaka kwazvo, sekunge uri kuritarisa kuburikidza nemwana wechikoro. Inzvimbo yakanaka yekuona Granada ichimuka mangwanani-ngwanani, migwagwa ichiri yakanyarara uye zuva richivhenekera matenga nedenga zvishoma nezvishoma.
Pazasi zvishoma, chikwere che San Miguel Bajo maonero asina kurongeka asi anofadzaHaina mukurumbira sezita rayo riri kumusoro, asi kubva pano unowana maonero ari pedyo eAlhambra neSacromonte, pamwe nekukwanisa kugara pateru nekunakidzwa nechinwiwa uchitarisa nzvimbo dzakanaka. Yakanakira kusanganisa tapas nemaonero akanaka.
El Mirador del Carril de San AgustÃn Ndiwo mumwe mucherechedzo usingazivikanwe zvakanyanya uchiona AlbaicÃn, uchiratidza Alhambra zvakanaka uye, uchitarisa, bani reGranada rakatambanuka kure. Materu aro ane matombo anoda kushanda nesimba, asi mubairo wekuona unopfuura mwero.
Chinhambwe chipfupi kubva pakati, Maonero eGweta reRavine Inopa maonero akanaka eGranada nemakomo eSierra Nevada ari kumashure. Nekuda kwenzvimbo yayo, inowanzo zara nevanhu, zvichiita kuti ive yakanaka kune avo vari kutsvaga nguva yerunyararo rwakazara sezvo zuva rinonyura uye mwenje yeguta inotanga kupenya.
Pakati pemaonero asina kujeka, zvinotevera zvinobuda pachena: Maonero eZeneteIri pakati peAlbaicÃn, nzvimbo iyi inopa maonero ari pedyo eAlhambra neGeneralife pasina ruzha rwedzimwe nzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda. Inoyevedza zvikuru pakati pemasikati, apo chiedza chinopenya zvakananga pamadziro matsvuku enhare.