Barbados igungwa rine jecha jena chete nemvura yebhuruu. Ichi chitsuwa chidiki cheCaribbean chinonyatso sanganiswa netsika dzakasiyana siyana. Midzi yeAfrica, nhaka yeBritain uye mweya weCaribbeanMusanganiswa iwoyo unoonekwa mune zvese: mumapati avo, mumimhanzi inoridzwa pakona yega yega, munzira iyo vanhu vanotaura, uye mumanzwiro avanoita chitendero, mhuri, uye nharaunda.
Kwemazana emakore, Barbados yakavaka hunhu hwakasiyana zvikuru. Nhasi, tsika dzayo dzinoratidzwa zvakasimba mu mitambo mikuru, tsika dzezuva nezuva, gastronomy, mitambo nehunyanzviKana uchida kuwana divi rechokwadi rechitsuwa ichi, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kwakabva tsika idzi, kuti dzinopembererwa sei, uye kuti dzinoita basa rei muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwevaBarbadian, vaBajan vakakurumbira.
Midzi yenhoroondo uye simba reBritain patsika dzeBarbados
Kuti unzwisise tsika dzeBarbados, unofanira kudzokera kuzana remakore rechi17, apo vaEurope vakatanga kusvika pachitsuwa ichi. VaPutukezi ndivo vakatanga kuchitumidza kuti... Barbados, yakabatana ne "ndebvu" dzemizambiringa yemuonde yakaturikwa pamiti. Zvisinei, maBritish ndivo vakanyatsogadzira mamiriro emagariro evanhu netsika.
Muna 1625, Captain John Powell akatora Barbados muzita raMambo James I weEngland. Makore mashoma gare gare, boka rekutanga revagari vemo rakasvika: kumativi ose vanhuwo zvavo makumi masere nevane gumi vari varandauyo akatanga koloni. Kubva pakutanga, maEngland akaunza muenzaniso wavo wehurumende uye nzira yavo yekuronga nzanga pachitsuwa ichi.
Barbados yakatanga hurongwa hweparamende kare kare. Muna 1639, gungano reparamende rakaumbwa nenzira yeBritish, asi munguva yese yekoloni... Simba rezvematongerwo enyika raive mumaoko evarungu vashoma chete.Uranda hwaive hwakakosha zvikuru muhupfumi hwenyika iyi: maBritish akaunza zviuru zvevanhu vemuAfrica kuti vashande muminda yenzimbe, uye kwemakore angangoita mazana maviri ndivo vaive ruzhinji rwevanhu.
Kubviswa kweuranda muna 1838 kwakaratidza kuchinja kukuru. Kunyangwe simba rakaramba rakabatikana zvakanyanya, zvishoma nezvishoma Vanhu vasiri vachena vakatanga kutora chikamu muhupenyu hwezvematongerwo enyikaMuna 1843, nhengo yekutanga yevashoma yakasarudzwa kupinda muAssembly, danho rekufananidzira rekumiririra vanhu vakawanda raizotora makumi emakore kuti risimbiswe.
Barbados yakawana rusununguko kubva kuUnited Kingdom musi wa30 Mbudzi 1966, ichitora hurongwa hwe Democracy yeparamende yakafemerwa neBritainKwemakore akawanda yaive umambo mukati meCommonwealth, kusvika muna 2021 yava republic yeparamende, uku ichiramba iine hukama hwayo mukati meCommonwealth. Musanganiswa uyu wemidzi yekoloni uye kudada kwenyika kwakazvimirira kuri pachena nhasi mutsika dzayo dzakawanda nemitambo.
Magadzirirwo ezvivakwa uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva: Nhaka yeChirungu uye mweya weAfrica
Nzvimbo yemaguta eBarbados yakakanganiswa zvikuru nezvivakwa zvemakoloni. Zviri nyore kuiwana mumaguta nemaguta zvakafanana. Zvivako zvenhoroondo zveJacobean, Georgian neVictorianizvo zvinoyeuchidza nezvekare kwayo muBritain. Zvinhu zvakaita sematanda nematombo zvakashandiswa, asiwo chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvechitsuwa ichi: matombo ekorari, ayo anopa chitarisiko chakasiyana kune zvakawanda zvakagadzirwa.
Zvizhinji zvezvivako izvi zvakavakwa nemaoko evaranda, avo vasina kungoita basa chete asiwo Vaigadzira fenicha nezvivakwa zvedzimba dzavo.Saka, nhaka yekuvaka yechitsuwa ichi yakabatana zvikuru nebasa neruzivo rwevanhu vechiAfro, kunyange hazvo kwenguva yakareba zvaisanyatsozivikanwa.
Dzimba dzechivanhu dzakaderera, dzaizivikanwa sedzimba dzechivanhu kana dzimba dzefenicha, dzaivakwa nematanda uye dzaiiswa pamatombo, kwete pahwaro hwakasimba. Izvi zvakabvumira kutamisa imba kubva pane imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imweIzvi zvaive zvinobatsira zvikuru munhoroondo yekusachengetedzwa kwevhu. Dzimba zhinji idzi dzakapendwa nemavara anoyevedza, chinhu chakabatana nepesvedzero yekuMadokero kweAfrica uye ikozvino chave chimwe chezvinhu zvinoyevedza pachitsuwa ichi.
Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kuenzana uku pakati penhaka yeBritain nehunyanzvi hwemuno kunoonekwawo. Barbados yakakwanisa kushandura zvivakwa zvakaiswa muchimiro chayo, zvichikonzera kuumbwa kwe Tsika yemumba ine hupenyu hwakanaka, uko nharaunda, mhuri nenharaunda Vanoita basa rinokosha.
Ndivanaani maBajan: huwandu hwevanhu, hunhu uye hupenyu hwemagariro evanhu
Huwandu hwevanhu vekuBarbados huri pedyo 282.000 vagariIzvi zvinoita kuti nyika iyi ive imwe yenyika dzisina vanhu vakawanda pasi rose. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, pfungwa yekubatana yakasimba kwazvo, uye nzanga yakabatana zvikuru kana tichienzanisa nedzimwe nzvimbo dziri muCaribbean.
Panyaya yemarudzi, vanhu vanosvika 93% vanobva kuAfrica, 3% vanobva kuEurope, vamwe 3% vanoonekwa sevanhu vakasanganiswa, uye vanenge 1% inoenderana nenharaunda dzeAsia, kunyanya kubva kuIndia nekuChina. Kusiyana uku kunoratidzwa mukudya, mimhanzi, uye tsika dzemhuri.
Barbados inoonekwa senyika yakasimukira muCaribbean, ine avhareji yemararamiro akakwirira kupfuura evakawanda vevavakidzani vayoKunyangwe kune nzvimbo dzine urombo hwakanyanya, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakati wandei dzeBridgetown, mataundi ezvitunha akanyanya kuonekwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo haawanikwe zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinokanganisawo mafambisirwo anoitwa kushanya uye maonero ekuchengetedzwa.
Vanhu veBajan vanowanzotsanangurwa sevakadzikama uye vane ruremekedzo. Vane mutsa, vanobatsira, uye vane mwoyo murefu kune vaenzi, asi kazhinji Havasi vakaoma mwoyo kana kuti vanoremaKana usingavabvunze chero chinhu kana kuedza kutanga hurukuro, vanowanzoita basa ravo. Vajaira zvekushanya zvekuti, kunyangwe mumataundi madiki kana munzvimbo dziri kure, vashanyi vanosanganiswa nenzvimbo yacho zvechisikigo.
Hupenyu hwemagariro evanhu hunosanganisira mhuri, chechi, mitambo, uye zviitiko zvemunharaunda. Mapati emunharaunda, kuungana pamhenderekedzo yegungwa, mitambo yekiriketi, uye mabhizinesi madiki emumigwagwa zvinhu zvakakosha muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye zvinosimbisa kubatana kwevanhu. kunzwa kwekudiwa uye kwekubatana kwevanhu.
Chitendero uye zvekunamata muhupenyu hweBarbadian
Chitendero chine basa guru muBarbados, kunyange zvazvo chichiitwa nenzira yakangwarira muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Ruzhinji rwevanhu vanozviti vaKristu. nhamba dziri pedyo ne75% uye dzinosvika 95% zvichienderana nezviri kutaurwa nemasosi, kusanganisira vanoita zvekurapa nevasiri vanachiremba vanozvibatanidza netsika iyoyo.
Chechi yeAnglican ndiyo ine simba guru, nekuda kwepesvedzero yenguva yehutongi hwevakoloni, uye ine chikamu chikuru chevatendi. Pamwe chete nayo, kune mamwe machechi ane mukurumbira. Machechi eBaptist, Methodist, Chechi yeKaturike, nemamwe mapoka ePurotesitendi vakaita sePentecostal, Seventh-day Adventist, neMoravian Brethren. Kunewo nharaunda diki dzechiJudha, dzechiHindu, nedzechiMuslim, izvo zvinowedzera kusiyana kukuru munzvimbo dzechitendero.
Chimwe chezviratidzo zvikuru zvekutenda kwechiKristu pachitsuwa ichi iGospelfest, mutambo wepagore unopemberera mimhanzi yevhangeri uye zvekunamata nemakonzati, kuungana, uye zviitiko zvechitendero netsika. Zvakadzika midzi munharaunda uye zvinosanganisa kuzvipira, kupemberera, uye kudada netsika.
Kunze kwechiKristu, Barbados ine nzanga yeRastafari inoshanda. Sangano iri, rine midzi muJamaica uye rakabatana zvakanyanya ne kutaura nezvekuzivikanwa kweAfrica uye kushoropodzwa kwehukoloniYave ichiwana vateveri vakawanda pachitsuwa ichi. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, vamwe venhengo dzayo vanoti vachiri kushungurudzwa munyaya dzakadai sedzidzo nemabasa, zvichiratidza kusawirirana kuripo munharaunda.
Kazhinji, chitendero muBarbados chinoitwa nguva dzose, asi pasina kuratidzwa zvakanyanya. Vanhu vazhinji vanopinda minamato yechitendero, asi Kutenda hakuwanzo tungamira hupenyu hwezuva nezuva zvakanyanyaMafungiro ekuremekedzana nekugarisana zvakanaka anowanikwa pakati pezvitendero zvakasiyana.
Mapati, macarnival nemitambo mikuru yetsika
Kana paine chinhu chimwe chete chinotsanangura tsika dzeBarbados, imitambo yadzo. Mugore rose, chitsuwa ichi chakazara nemitambo yekufamba, makonzati, mashoo, nemhemberero uko Mimhanzi, kutamba, uye chikafu zvinova pakati pezvinhu.Mimwe mitambo ine midzi yakadzika kwazvo munhoroondo; mimwe mitambo yetsika yazvino, asi yese yava chikamu chekarenda yekuzivikanwa kwechitsuwa ichi.
Mutambo unozivikanwa zvikuru ndiCrop Over, muzukuru wemhemberero dzakaratidza kuguma kwekukohwewa kwenzimbe. Muchimiro chayo chemazuva ano, Crop Over yave mutambo wemwedzi yakawanda unotanga muna Chivabvu uye inogara kusvika kutanga kwaNyamavhuvhu. Munguva iyi, makwikwi, kuratidzira mumigwagwa, maparade, mitambo inobhadharwa ("mafestés"), zviitiko zvakasiyana uye zviitiko zvemazera ese zvinorongwa.
Mugumo wenguva iyi yemhemberero iGreat Kadooment Day, zororo renyika rinoitwa neMuvhuro wekutanga waNyamavhuvhu. Pazuva iroro, zviuru zvevanhu zvinoenda kumigwagwa yeBridgetown vakapfeka zvipfeko zvechivanhu. zvipfeko zvecarnival zvakazara neminhenga, sequins uye mavara akajekaMitambo yekufambisa, marori ane mimhanzi, kutamba kusingaperi, uye mamiriro emufaro asina kudzorwa zvinoshandura guta kuita rwizi rwechokwadi rwesimba reCaribbean. Mumutauro weko, "Kadooment" zvinongoreva "bato guru."
Imwe tsika chaiyo ndeye Landship, nzvimbo yetsika yakasiyana muBarbados. Musanganiswa we mitambo yakakurumbira, kutamba uye kusetsa kwegungwa iyo inotevedzera, uye panguva imwe chete inoseka nerudo, British Royal Navy. Nhengo dzeLandship dzinoita madhirama anoyeuchidza mafambiro egungwa, pamwe chete nemimhanzi nemitambo, zvichimiririra nzira yekugadzira yekushandisa nhaka yekoloni nekuishandura kuita kutaura kwakakurumbira.
Karenda yemhemberero yeBarbadian yakazadzwa nezvimwe zviitiko zvakakosha. Mutambo weHoletown, muna Kukadzi, unoyeuka kusvika kwevagari vekutanga vekuEngland Nzvimbo yeHoletown yakazara nemitambo yekufamba, kuratidzwa kwenhoroondo, uye zviitiko zvetsika. Mutambo weHove weOistins, unowanzoitwa panguva yevhiki yeIsita, unopemberera tsika dzekuredza nemakwikwi, nzvimbo dzekutengesa chikafu, mimhanzi yemhenyu, uye mamiriro ekunze ane hushamwari nemhuri.
Padanho redunhu, Barbados yakaitisa Carifesta, mutambo mukuru wehunyanzvi netsika muCaribbean, kakawanda. Ichi chiitiko chinobatanidza vaimbi vanobva kumativi ese epasi kwemazuva angangoita gumi. mimhanzi, kutamba, mafirimu, mabhuku, hunyanzvi hwekuona uye gastronomy kubva mudunhu rose.
Chitsuwa ichi chinoshanduka kuita chikuva chikuru chine mashoo, mashoo emafashoni, mashoo, masymposium, misika nenzvimbo dzekugadzira dzevechidiki, vachinyanya kutarisisa hunyanzvi nekuchengetedza hupenyu.
Pamusoro pezvo, Barbados inokurudzira mafambiro akaita sekuti “We Gatherin’”, ayo anokoka maBajan kubva mukati nekunze kwechitsuwa ichi kuti vanosanganazve nemidzi yavo nenharaunda dzavakabvaChechi yega yega inoronga mabasa ayo akatarisana nenhaka yemuno, mimhanzi, chikafu netsika, nokudaro ichisimbisa hunhu hwayo pamwe nekubatana nevari kunze kwenyika.
Cricket, rum, nedzimwe nheyo dzetsika dzeBarbadian
Pakati penhaka dzeBritain dzakagamuchirwa zvizere neBarbados, cricket ine nzvimbo yakasarudzika. Mutambo uyu chitendero chechitendero chiri pachitsuwa ichi. Chikwata cheBarbados chave yakahwina mibairo yakawanda yedunhu uye akapa vatambi vakanaka kuchikwata chenyika cheWest Indies, icho chinokwikwidza mumitambo yepasi rose.
Rimwe remazita anoremekedzwa zvikuru nderekuti Garfield Sobers, anoonekwa semumwe wemazita aya. vatambi vekriketi vakanakisisa venguva dzoseAkazvarirwa muBarbados, inyanzvi yenyika uye anodada nevanhu vose. Kutevera mitambo, kutaura nezvemitambo, uye kutamba mutambo uyu panzvimbo dzekutamba ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinoitwa nevanhu vazhinji vemuBarbados.
Imwe nyaya yenhoroondo yechitsuwa ichi kugadzira rum. Barbados inozvirumbidza nekuti ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzakazvarirwa mweya uyu, uye mabrandi akaita seMount Gay anozviratidza se vagadziri vekare verum pasi roseKugadzirwa kwerum kwave kwakabatana zvakanyanya neindasitiri yeshuga uye nhasi kwave chiitiko chevashanyi, nekushanyira nzvimbo dzekubika doro uye kuravira.
Kubata hove nekurima zvimwe zvezviitiko zvechinyakare. Nzimbe dzairimwa kwemazana emakore. hwaro hwehupfumi hweBarbadianUye kunyange hazvo kukosha kwayo kwaderera, simba rayo richiripo zvikuru munharaunda uye mumitambo yakaita seCrop Over. Kubata hove, kune rumwe rutivi, kunopembererwa pachena paOistins Fish Festival, uko mupiro wenharaunda dzevanobata hove mukuzivikanwa kwenyika unozivikanwa.
Chitsuwa ichi chinewo indasitiri yacho yekubika doro ine nhoroondo yemakore angangoita 60. Doro rebhangi, rinobikwa muBarbados, rinobikwa muBarbados. rudzi rwemuno rwakakurumbira uye inoumba chikamu chezviitiko zvekubika kune vashanyi vazhinji vanoda kuyedza zvigadzirwa zvemuno kunze kweramu.
Chikafu cheBarbadian: Zvinonaka zveAfrica, Indian, uye British
Chikafu cheBarbadian chimwe chiratidzo chakajeka chemusanganiswa wetsika unotsanangura chitsuwa ichi. Pesvedzero dzeAfrica, Indian, neBritish dzinosangana patafura, zvichikonzera ndiro dzinonaka, dzakawanda dzizere nehunhuKudya muBarbados inzira yakanaka yekuswedera pedyo netsika dzayo.
Chikafu chenyika chinonzi cou-cou nehove inobhururuka. Cou-cou inogadzirwa ne Hupfu hwechibage neokra, zvakabikwa kusvika mukanyiwa wanyatsonakaInopihwa nehove, inowanzobikwa mumuto. Idhishi remhando yepamusoro, asi rinomiririra zvakanaka, uye rinopihwa mudzimba dzevanhu nemumaresitorendi.
Mvura dziri pedyo neBarbados dzakapfuma zvikuru muzvisikwa zvemugungwa. Kunze kwehove dzinobhururuka, zvakajairika kuwana jack, swordfish, red snapper, tuna, marlin, shark, kana mahi-mahi. Pakati pezvokudya zveparutivi pane... mbatatisi, yam, breadfruit, cassava, mupunga, mbatatisi yeChirungu nepastaKuwedzera kune cou-cou pachayo, manakiro acho anowanzova akanyanya, nekushandisa zvinonhuwira nemasosi, asi pasina kuva nezvinonhuwira zvakanyanya kunze kwekunge paine zvimwe zvakagadzirwa.
Zvokudya zvakakurumbira zvinosanganisira makeke ehove, fish fritters, pudding (iyo muBarbados inogona kuva inonaka inogadzirwa nembatatisi kana chingwa), uye macaroni nechizi casserole yemuno, pasta gratin inodiwa zvikuru ine chizi nezvinonhuwira. Kune madhizeti, zvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zvinosanganisira... mabhora etamarind nemakirimu akasiyana-siyana akabikwa izvo zvinopedzisa ruzivo rwezvekudya.
Kudya chikafu chemumugwagwa chikamu chetsika dzemuno. Vatengesi vemumigwagwa varipo kwose kwose, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakakosha dzakadai seBaxter Highway pedyo neBridgetown kana nzvimbo yeOistins. Ikoko unogona kuedza ndiro dzakagadzirwa kumba, hove dzakagochwa, zvekudya zvidiki uye zvinwiwa zvemuno munzvimbo yakasununguka uye ine hupenyu, kazhinji ichiperekedzwa nemimhanzi.
Kushanya pachitsuwa
Mukutaura kwakajeka, Barbados inosanganisa tsika dzemuno nehurongwa hwakafanana nehwenyika zhinji dzekuEurope kana North America. Kushanya kwave kuchikura kwemakore. injini huru yehupfumi, kunyanya kumahombekombe ekumadokero nekumaodzanyemba, uko nzvimbo dzemahotera, mahombekombe anoshanyirwa zvakanyanya uye mabasa mazhinji evashanyi anowanikwa.
Pasinei nekukosha kwemazororo, mabasa evashanyi haanyanyi kukanganiswa. Barbados yave nemutemo wekuti Mazororo everuzhinji gumi nerimwe uye mazororo enyikaZvisinei, muzhinji dzacho, zvitoro, maresitorendi, mabasa ekurenda mota, mabasa evashanyi, uye mabhazi zvinoramba zvichishanda zvakajairika. Chinowanzo vharwa mahofisi nemamwe mabasa ehutungamiriri.
Pakati pemazororo makuru everuzhinji pane Zuva reGore Idzva (Ndira 1), Zuva reErrol Barrow (Ndira 21, kukudza mutungamiriri wekutanga wenyika uye munhu akakosha murusununguko), Chishanu Chakanaka neMuvhuro weIsita (mazuva anotamiswa), Zuva reMagamba reNyika (Kubvumbi 28), Zuva reVashandi (Chivabvu 1), Muvhuro weWhit (unotamiswa), Zuva reKusunungurwa (Nyamavhuvhu 1), Zuva reKadooment rambotaurwa (Muvhuro wekutanga muna Nyamavhuvhu), Zuva reKuzvimirira (Mbudzi 30), Zuva reKisimusi (Zvita 25), uye Zuva reBoxing (Zvita 26). Zuva rega rega rine raro. huremu hwayo hwekufananidzira mukurangarira kweboka.
Panyaya yezvivakwa, mabasa ekutanga anosangana zvakakwana nezvinodiwa nevagari nevashanyi. Masupamaketi ari munzvimbo dzese huru dzevashanyi, kunyanya kumahombekombe ekumadokero nekumaodzanyemba. Maketani akaita seMassy ane zvitoro zvakawanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzechitsuwa, uye zvakare... Zvitoro zvidiki zvekutengesa zvekudya munharaunda zvinoonekwa pamakona eseMaresitorendi epamutemo anowanikwa mumaguta makuru, asi mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika hapana kushomeka kwemaresitorendi emuno nezvitoro zvekudya zvechimbichimbi.
Barbados yava nyore kusvika kune vafambi vanobva kuLatin America nekuda kwekubatana kwayo nendege. Vashanyi vazhinji vanosvika nendege dzeCopa Airlines vachipfuura nePanama City kana kuti nendege dzezuva nezuva vachipfuura neMiami, kazhinji vasingade vhiza yekugara kwenguva pfupi nevashanyi, zvichienderana nerudzi rwavo. Izvi zvakaita kuti zvive nyore kune Vanhu vakawanda vari kuenda kuchitsuwa ichi, vachikwezvwa nemitambo yacho, tsika, uye kugamuchira vaenzi..
Kubatanidzwa kwemabasa akanaka, nzvimbo yakachengeteka, huwandu hwakawanda hwevashanyi, uye hunhu hwakasimba hwetsika zvinoreva kuti, kunze kwemahombekombe, chitsuwa ichi chinoonekwa senzvimbo iri nyore kufamba-famba, kutaurirana, uye kunakidzwa neruzivo rwakadzama muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
Barbados, kubva pamidzi yakasimba yeChirungu, Africa neCaribbean, yakakwanisa kuvaka hunhu hwayo hunoonekwa zvakanyanya mutsika dzayo, mitambo, gastronomy uye mimhanzi.
Kubva kumachechi eAnglican kusvika kudzimba dzekutamba dzine mavara akajeka, kubva kumanhandare ekiriketi munzvimbo dzemunharaunda kusvika kukurira kwesoca paCrop Over, chitsuwa ichi chinozviratidza senzvimbo iyo vanhu vanotamba mitambo yekriketi. Tsika nemazuva ano zvakabatana.
Kufamba ikoko hakusi kungorara muzuva chete: kunongova kurarama, kunyangwe kwemazuva mashoma chete, nenharaunda inodada nenhoroondo yayo, ine shungu netsika dzayo uye yakagadzirira kuigovana nemunhu wese anoswedera pedyo nayo neruremekedzo uye nechido.